Lignin is a complex organic natural polymer, in the base of the lignin formula is the benzene ring. Lignin is located in the outer layers of the cell membranes of the wood mainly. This fact explains its name, from the Latin Lignum - tree wood. Deposition of lignin in the cell walls of plants leads to an increase in their strength and lignifications. Lignin is an amorphous substance of yellow-brown color; insoluble in water and organic solvents. Lignin in the industry are as a departure in the production of cellulose (sulfate lignin) and hydrolysis of plant materials (hydrolytic lignin). Deciduous woods contains 20 ... 30% of the lignin, needles - up to 50%. For this reason, during the production of pulp is a huge number of lignin waste is produced. Lignin is a valuable chemical raw material, have many applications. However, due to the fact that at the present time in the dumps in Russia is according to different estimates, from 100 to 200 million tons of lignin, it is interesting as a raw material for the production of fuel pellets and briquettes for us. Lignin is well granulated and briquetted, so sometimes it is added to the difficult pressing raw materials, for example - to birch waste, to improve the quality of the produced pellets and briquettes. Due to the smaller the amount of oxygen combustion heat of lignin are almost 1.5 times higher than that of the pulp. In the heaps of lignin partially decomposed and the warmth of its combustion is reduced, but most of all she is still higher than that of wood. Therefore, granulated or briquetted lignin is a good fuel. Since lignin is formed very much, he pollutes the environment and continuously lights up in a landfill, "his disposal is extremely important. Because the price of it, in fact, is negative, - the production of fuel pellets and briquettes from lignin is a highly profitable business.
Now in Byelorussia there is an installation of the equipment of factory made by us on manufacture of fuel granules from a lignin.
The barda (the spirit barda) – the by-product in spirit manufacture, thus depending on technology on 1 liter of spirit turns out 10 … 15 liters of barda. Initially is a liquid (suspension) of light brown color with a characteristic "bread" smell or a grain smell, with the maintenance of solids 5 … 10 %. In such kind use and transportation of barda ...
By manufacture of mushrooms wreckers and activators of illnesses appear in a substratum despite all measures of struggle against them. They can not only spoil a crop, but also at all it destroy. Naturally, for the purpose of a non-admission of mass distribution of wreckers and illnesses of mushrooms the fulfilled substratum needs to be utilized ...
Consumption of people grows huge rates. More and more the goods moves from points of production to places of consumption. More and more pallets it is for this purpose used. More and more pallets fails. In big cities these pallets brought in one place, form mountains … and become a good source of raw materials for manufacture of fuel briquettes and pellets...
Reed - a perennial herb of the cereal family.
The most profitable is the use of reed for the production of fuel briquettes and (or) pellets. This is due to the following: ...
Manure and litter - the major products of livestock breeding and poultry farming. This is not a bug. A Joke? May be. But the animals and birds excrete these products in dozens of times more mass than of meat, milk and eggs. Daily manure and litter is produced in a huge amount. For example, the average poultry farm produces about 200 tons of manure per day.
